新疆心脑血管疾病治疗费用核算与住院费用影响因素分析

目的 综合分析新疆心脑血管疾病总治疗费用现状，为医疗资源的合理配置提供理论依据。方法 通过多阶段分层随机抽样，收集2017年新疆心脑血管疾病患者样本信息。在SHA 2011框架下，采用自上而下的分摊方法，核算心脑血管疾病的治疗费用。建立线性回归模型，用以分析住院费用的影响因素。结果 心脑血管疾病总治疗费用达105.74亿元；占比67.22%的治疗费用发生在综合医院；排名前三位的疾病分别为冠心病、高血压和脑梗塞，占比达74.20%；65岁及以上老年人群花费占比为43.51%；县（区）级机构（t = - 218.362，P＜0.001）、市级机构（t = - 103.65，P＜0.001）、住院天数（t = 233.297,P＜0.001）、65岁以上人群（t = 58.422，P＜0.001）、手术情况（t = 101.514，P＜0.001）均是影响住院费用的主要因素。结论 新疆心脑血管疾病消耗大量医疗资源；防控工作重点关注老年人群；治疗费用机构流向有待优化，应强化基层医疗机构在防治慢病工作中的主导作用；缩短住院时间是有效控制治疗费用的直接途径。     

放疗在肝癌治疗中应用的研究进展

肝癌是临床上常见的恶性肿瘤，因早期症状不典型，至发现时往往已为中晚期，失去最佳手术治疗时机和机会。作为非手术治疗之一的放射治疗技术，其发展在近年来已有了较大的进步。放疗包括体外放疗和体内放疗，皆具有一定的治疗效果和相对可控的不良反应。本文就肝癌放射治疗的应用进展作一综述。     

布鲁氏菌分子诊断与分型技术研究进展

布鲁氏菌病是全球最常见的人畜共患病之一。布鲁氏菌病大多是由羊种布鲁菌感染所致,其次是牛种和猪种。在过去的20年里,人类和动物布病的防控已经取得了较大进展。然而,由于其非特异性的临床表现,控制和根除布病仍然面临巨大的挑战。随着20世纪90年代以来分子生物学技术的快速发展,分子生物学检测方法已被国内外用来迅速检测研究布鲁氏菌,同时由于全球数据共享的数据库的建立,使得全球对于布病的研究越来越深入。     

Combined Heart-Kidney Transplant Versus Sequential Kidney Transplant in Heart Transplant Recipients

ObjectivesIn patients with reduced kidney function there are no established guidelines to suggest combined heart-kidney transplant (HKTx) versus sequential kidney transplant (SKTx) using preoperative value of estimated glomerular filtration (eGFR).MethodsThe United Network for Organ Sharing database was queried from 2000 to 2015 to evaluate survival of HKTx and SKTx population stratified by preoperative eGFR rate <45 mL/min. Aim of the study was to assess the eGFR rate that is most beneficial to perform a concomitant or a SKTx at time of transplant evaluation.ResultsIn our analysis, patients who required SKTx are recipients that, after heart transplantation, developed or worsened kidney insufficiency due to calcineurin inhibitor nephrotoxicity. In recipients with eGFR <30 or dialysis, a total of 545 received HKTx and 80 received SKTx. The median waiting time between heart and kidney transplant in SKTx group was 6 years. The overall post-transplant survival was 81% and 80% and 75% and 59% at 5 and 1 years for the HKTx and SKTx groups, respectively (P = .04). In recipients with eGFR from 30 to 44, a total of 107 received HKTx and 112 received SKTx. The median waiting time between heart and kidney transplant in SKTx group was 4 years. Overall post-transplant survival showed no statistically significant differences in HKTx group (n=107) compared with SKTx group (n=112) and was 90% and 95% at 1 year and 74% and 52% at 5 years, respectively (P = .4) .ConclusionsTo optimize organ and patient survival, eGFR value can be utilized to discern between HKTx versus SKTx in patients with decreased renal function at the time of heart transplantation. Patients with eGFR<30 or in dialysis presented better survival with HKTx, while both SKTx and HKTx are suitable for patients with eGFR between 30 and 45.     

Zoledronate inhibits the differentiation potential of adipose-derived stem cells into osteoblasts in repairing jaw necrosis

ObjectiveTo explore the inhibitory effects of zoledronate (ZOL) on adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) into osteoblasts for repairing jaw necrosis.MethodsADSCs were induced to differentiate into osteoblasts. The differentiation characteristics of osteoblasts was observed under inverted microscope by alizarin red staining. The transwell assay was performed to evaluate the migration of ADSCs co-cultured with osteoblasts and divided into ZOL group treated with ZOL and N-ZOL group without ZOL treatment. The differentiation and proliferation characteristics of ADSCs differentiated osteoblasts were observed respectively. The expression of CTSK (Cathepsin K) and FGFR3 (Fibroblast growth factor receptor 3) in osteoblasts were analyzed by immunofluorescence and western blot.ResultsThe differentiation degree and proliferation of ADSCs to osteoblasts in N-ZOL group were both higher than those in ZOL group. The migratory cell number in ADSCs differentiation in ZOL group was higher than that of N-ZOL group. The protein expression of CTSK and FGFR3 in ADSCs differentiated to osteoblasts in ZOL group was higher than that in N-ZOL group.ConclusionThe differentiation of ADSCs into osteoblasts is significantly inhibited by ZOL. Due to this reason, it may be difficult to achieve good results by ZOL induced ADSCs into osteoblasts in repairing jaw necrosis.     

富血小板纤维蛋白在GTR联合植骨术中的作用

目的探讨富血小板纤维蛋白在GTR联合植骨术中促进牙周组织再生作用的临床效果。方法选本院100例2018年3月-2019年3月慢性牙周炎患者。随机数字表分组,对照组选择GTR联合植骨术治疗,实验组则选择GTR联合植骨术加上富血小板纤维蛋白治疗。比较两组疗效;各项血清炎症因子监测指标(采用双抗体夹心ELISA检测);治疗前后患者牙周指标牙周袋深度、临床附着丧失以及牙槽骨密度。结果试验组相比较照组疗效较高,P<0.05。试验组各项血清炎症因子监测指标、牙周指标牙周袋深度、临床附着丧失以及牙槽骨密度相比较照组有优势,P<0.05。结论GTR联合植骨术加上富血小板纤维蛋白治疗慢性牙周炎的疗效确切。     

胆红素代谢酶UGT1A1介导的中药不良反应研究进展

尿苷二磷酸葡萄糖醛酸转移酶1A1（UGT1A1）是哺乳动物体内分布的一种重要的Ⅱ相代谢酶,其不仅介导了大量临床药物、毒物的代谢清除,还是机体参与内源性毒性物质胆红素代谢清除的唯一代谢酶。药物或食品中的化学成分对UGT1A1的强烈抑制会引发多种不良反应,如药物/草药-药物相互作用、高胆红素血症、肝功能异常及神经毒性等。近年来,研究发现许多草药提取物及其化学成分可通过强效抑制UGT1A1引发药物-草药相互作用等不良反应。结合药物代谢及药物毒理学相关领域的新近研究进展,系统总结了UGT1A1抑制剂筛选与评价常用方法,以及中草药化学成分对UGT1A1抑制作用的研究进展。上述信息对于临床安全合理的使用中草药,尤其是在中西药联用或中药方剂使用过程中尽可能避免因UGT1A1抑制引发的不良反应,具有重要指导意义。     

丙戊酸镁与喹硫平联合治疗双向情感障碍的临床观察

目的分析丙戊酸镁与喹硫平联合治疗双向情感障碍(bipolar disorder,BP)的效果。方法选取2017年1月至2020年2月本院收治的150例BP患者,随机分为实验组与对照组,各75例。对照组采用丙戊酸镁治疗,实验组采用丙戊酸镁联合喹硫平治疗,比较两组临床疗效、BRMS、PANSS、HAMD-17、TESS评分。结果实验组治疗总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组BRMS、PANSS、HAMD-17评分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论丙戊酸镁联合喹硫平治疗BP患者,能显著改善患者临床症状,减轻患者负面情绪,用药安全性较高,治疗效果显著。     

汉族与哈萨克族PACG患者房水及小梁网中TGF-β2的表达与滤过泡形成的研究

目的：评估汉族和哈萨克族原发性闭角型青光眼(PACG)患者房水及小梁组织中转化生长因子β2(TGF-β2)表达水平及小梁切除术后滤过泡形成情况。

方法：前瞻性研究。选取2018-07/2019-04在石河子大学医学院第一附属医院眼科就诊的PACG患者46例49眼,其中汉族25例26眼,哈萨克族21例23眼,均于小梁切除术中采集房水和小梁组织,采用ELISA法检测房水总TGF-β2(tTGF-β2)和活化TGF-β2(aTGF-β2)含量,并通过免疫组化和免疫荧光法检测小梁组织中TGF-β2的表达。

结果：免疫组化和免疫荧光染色结果显示,汉族患者小梁组织中TGF-β2表达明显高于哈萨克族患者。ELISA定量分析显示,汉族和哈萨克族患者房水中aTGF-β2含量(172.015±79.367、83.436±41.743pg/mL)有明显差异(t=4.794,P<0.001),且年龄≥70岁的两民族患者房水中tTGF-β2含量(480.124±152.997、338.858±72.497pg/mL)有差异(t=2.421,P=0.026)。术后两民族患者眼压均较术前明显降低,但术后6mo汉族和哈萨克族患者功能性滤过泡(Ⅰ、Ⅱ型滤过泡)形成情况有明显差异(50% vs 78%; χ²=4.841,P=0.028)。

结论：汉族与哈萨克族PACG患者房水及小梁组织中TGF-β2的表达具有差异性,哈萨克族患者房水和小梁组织中TGF-β2呈明显低表达,可能减少术后滤过泡瘢痕化,促进功能性滤过泡形成。